Have you ever thought how we know that black holes exist? There are ways, for example, we can observe the orbits of celestial objects. If it seems that they are revolving around a planet or a star not you can pretty much bet that they are circles of a black hole then. Another possibility is when the stars of a certain scale die they explode or they go Supernova and when they do unleash a flood of cosmic rays and X-rays, in this case that goes Chandra X-ray telescope to work are one of those types of rays. Chandra x-ray Observatory is named after the late astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar. The Observatory was published in the space of the space shuttle Columbia (STS-93) on 23 July 1999. Weighing in at over £ 50,000 it was until then, the largest ever carried out a shuttle payload. This enormous amount of weight was largely on the inertial upper stage rocket, which was required, to the telescope on its orbit around 83 000 km above the Earth wear due to. It is safe from radiation from the passing that could be detrimental to the telescope of the orbits of geostationary satellites and is also clearly in this amount. The Observatory is operated by the Chandra x-ray Center at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, mass, and is from the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, AL managed. You can ask, why we rated this exploding stars from the earth can only be not? Well the answer is absorbed just the Earth's atmosphere X-ray beam X-ray beam, that are the universe in transit must be collected from based space equipment. We can observe the remains of Supernova from Earth but the amount of time, the light you reach us Umsatzsteigerungs range anywhere from hundreds of years on ten's of thousands of years, or longer. Chandra gives us more a real time indication, when their fate, now let these stars gives us to nuts and bolts of how of this incredible piece of equipment!
The telescope has four mirrors, which with the very rare element Iridium (IR-77) as Coated reflector acts that are collecting which, from the x-ray emissions and the photons (the basic unit of light). The source for these types of high energy X-rays are extremely hot gases are usually a galactic event, such as a supernova associated with. The first known source for this kind of x-ray, outside of the Sun, 1962 was based on constellation Scorpio was discovered and named Scorpius X-1 (SCO X-1). The mirror on Chandra are nested within another, and are at an angle, which is almost perpendicular to the incoming X-rays, so that when they meet they beat the 2 upper mirror and continue with the 2 lower levels, these double skip is essential for the X-rays at the core, they then travel to a 26-foot tube in the direction of the telescopes scientific instruments coming down positioned. Travel in the direction of these instruments covers, which have thousands of thin openings move into the path of the beam. This grid's separating the X-rays of their wavelength, this step is very important because it provides valuable information on each beam certain elements as the targets density, temperature and movement. The instruments used, the information in the x-rays/photon processing are used the advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) which provides images and spectral information of the specific object and a high resolution camera (HRC) that a micro channel plate (MCP) is used for the detection of particles such as ions, electrons, and radiation from UV-rays and X-rays. These two instruments can be used in unison or independently of each other as needed.
One of the many remarkable photos of Chandra occurred on 5 September 2001 when it zeroed on a highly active area of x-ray activity. The source was later determined to the border in the constellation Sagittarius and Scorpius date be but by scientists who try, find it in the optical spectrum hidden, this was in part to dust off the arm of the milky way, the it shielding. Chandra went to work and recorded some of the X-ray coming from her and a nice picture of what far among scientists as a supermassive black hole called Sagittarius or simply say be considered * residence very close to the Centre of our own galaxy, and it is all that unfortunate enough to get, is to close it devours. It is estimated that this particular black hole 4 is. 1 Million solar masses to this number, put into perspective the Sun is only 1 solar mass and it is 109 times larger than the Earth! So say A * supermassive is classified, because it could easily swallow up our entire solar system, as if the two ever met. Scientists at UCLA have also the theory that it about 10,000 smaller black holes and neutron stars, stars rated composed of neutrons, usually because they go Supernova, A SAG circling *. These provide a steady diet for the black hole than every 1 million years one gets this smaller black holes or neutron stars engulfed by SAG A * and its gravitational to an infinite density is squeezed from the iron grip. Black crush holes not only objects with their gravitational force like but she warp also things with this same group and is one of those things the fourth dimension, time. Time is so warped into a black hole, that Einstein's theory of relativity breaks down and can not be used instead quantum gravity calculations must be applied.
All this talk of exploding stars and black holes could make you feel uncomfortable, but the probability of say A * and earth over paths is very low, especially when you consider that is say A * about 25, 000 light years from Earth and 1 light-year is equal to 5. 87 trillion miles, of course, is reduce this distance holds, as that continues to expand black hole, but how it does the strength of its gravitational proportionally reduced. Chandra has over the years, with his x-ray vision, collection is located and shown the world of celestial objects, which would have been otherwise unrecognizable. This has the brilliant minds allows has been developed and this remarkable piece assembled equipment from the folks at Northrup Grumman, polished Chandra, the folks at Raytheon optical systems, which is ground and polished the mirror on the team at optical coating Labs built the lenses further to 99. 99% dust free. This was a typical NASA team effort and as usual it was carried out with the professionalism that has become the Agency calling card. Chandra will finally be to educate disabled and left out in space, but the contributions, which continues to have it for science to future generations for years and years to come.
